Tips for using an electric vehicle charger in the fast charging mode of electric vehicles

Maximizing Efficiency and Safety When Using Fast Charging for Electric Vehicles
Fast charging is a convenient way to replenish an electric vehicle’s battery quickly, but improper use can lead to reduced battery lifespan, overheating, or inefficient charging. By following specific techniques, drivers can optimize fast charging sessions while minimizing potential risks. Below are practical strategies for using fast charging modes effectively.

1. Precondition the Battery Before Initiating Fast Charging
Battery temperature plays a critical role in fast charging performance. Charging a cold or overheated battery can slow down the process and increase wear.

• Use Preconditioning Features: Many EVs allow drivers to preheat or cool the battery before arriving at a fast charger. Activating this setting while en route ensures the battery is at an optimal temperature range (typically between 20°C and 40°C) for efficient charging.

• Park in Shaded or Ventilated Areas: If preconditioning isn’t available, avoid charging immediately after driving in extreme heat. Instead, park in a shaded spot or wait for the battery to cool slightly to prevent thermal throttling during the session.

• Avoid Charging in Freezing Conditions Without Warming Up: In cold climates, driving the vehicle for a few minutes before plugging in can help raise the battery temperature, improving charge acceptance and reducing stress on the cells.

2. Monitor Charging Progress and Adjust Behavior Mid-Session
Fast charging rates often slow down as the battery approaches higher states of charge (SoC). Staying aware of these dynamics helps avoid unnecessary time at the charger.

• Watch for Diminishing Returns: Most fast chargers deliver peak power up to around 80% SoC, after which the rate drops significantly to protect the battery. Consider unplugging once the charge reaches 80% if time is a priority.

• Pause Charging if Overheating is Detected: If the vehicle’s display or charger indicates high battery temperatures, pause the session for 10–15 minutes to allow cooling. Resuming at a lower power level may prevent damage.

• Use Charging Apps for Real-Time Updates: Many public charging networks offer apps that show current charging speed and estimated completion time. Use these tools to decide whether to stay or move to another station.

3. Optimize Charging Frequency and Session Duration
Frequent fast charging or consistently charging to 100% can accelerate battery degradation. Balancing speed with long-term battery health is key.

• Limit Fast Charging to Necessary Trips: Reserve fast charging for long-distance travel or urgent situations. For daily commutes, rely on slower Level 2 charging to reduce stress on the battery.

• Avoid Charging to 100% During Fast Sessions: Unless required for the next leg of a trip, aim for 80–90% SoC during fast charging. This reduces exposure to high-voltage stress, which can shorten battery life.

• Space Out Fast Charging Stops: If taking multiple fast charges in one day, allow at least 30–60 minutes between sessions to let the battery cool down and stabilize chemically.

4. Choose Charging Stations With Stable Power Supply
Not all fast chargers deliver consistent performance. Factors like grid stability or station maintenance can affect charging speed and reliability.

• Prioritize High-Power Stations for Longer Ranges: When possible, select chargers rated for 150 kW or higher, as they provide faster top-ups for compatible vehicles. However, ensure your EV can handle the station’s maximum output.

• Check for Recent User Reviews: Online platforms or charging network apps often include feedback on station reliability. Avoid locations with frequent reports of outages or slow performance.

• Verify Connector Compatibility: Some fast chargers use proprietary connectors or protocols. Confirm your vehicle’s compatibility with the station’s hardware to avoid connection issues or reduced speeds.

By applying these techniques, EV drivers can make the most of fast charging while protecting their battery’s longevity and performance. Staying mindful of temperature, timing, and station selection ensures a balance between convenience and sustainability.